E355; Adipic Acid(in 335 products)
Potential Risk Index®:
About:
Functions:
1. Acidity Regulator / Buffering Agent - Changes or maintains the acidity or basicity of food/cosmetics.
2. Flavor / Flavoring / Flavor Enhancer - Provides or enhances a particular taste or smell.
Adipic acid occurs naturally in living cells, but is commercially prepared from the oxidation of cyclohexanol by concentrated nitric acid.
Small but significant amounts of adipic acid are used as a food ingredient (E355) as a flavorant and gelling aid. It is used in some calcium carbonate antacids to make them tart. As an acidulant in baking powders, it avoids the undesirable hygroscopic properties of tartaric acid. Adipic acid, rare in nature, does occur naturally in beets, but this is not an economical source for commerce compared to industrial synthesis.
It is approved to use as food additive in EU and generally recognized as safe food substance in US.
Scientific References:
1. PubChem: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/196
Regulatory References:
1. US FDA Food Additives Status List [2018]
- Adipic acid
2. EU Approved Food Additive [2018]
- E355, E356
3. Cosmetic Ingredient Review
- Adipic Acid
4. Japan’s List of Designated Food Additives under Article 10 of the Food Sanitation Act
- Adipic Acid
5. US FDA Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) Food Substances (21 CFR 184) [2017]
- § 184.1009 - Adipic acid
Safety and Hazards (UN GHS):
1. Causes serious eye damage (H318)
2. Causes serious eye irritation (H319)
3. May cause respiratory irritation (H335)
4. Harmful to aquatic life (H402)
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